Hey @mitjafelicijan 
Welcome to The Community 
Yes, totally possible. The build container / image that Netlify runs your build command in after it’s cloned your code already has Go built in; so instead of pre-compiling the binary to your repository, you could actually just make your build command go build && ./output or etc.
If you do prefer to strictly use a binary / pre-compiled version of your SSG, just make sure the compile target is compatible with Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial build image) and then you could directly run it in your build command
Hope that helps! 
–
Jon