I won’t be able to help with your javascript - despite being a professional javascript debugger, I am not very good at creating it 
However, I can tell you that the reason you’d see no submissions is because you aren’t POSTing compatible data. I can’t tell why that would “change” when you include stripe, but hopefully you can
This article walks through what the data MUST look like (and what you should see in your dev tools :)) for us to get a form submission, record and display its contents to you:
Let me know if that doesn’t help clear things up! I can’t promise to get deeper in your code, but I can promise to help show you where things you are sending doesn’t match what we are expecting, once you’ve run through that guide